Methods and systems for efficiently downloading media assets

ABSTRACT

Methods and systems are described for downloading media assets efficiently and quickly before loss of network connectivity. The method may allow a user to download portions of a media asset in different versions to download a maximum portion of the media asset before loss of network connectivity. Certain versions of media assets may be downloaded more quickly than other versions of media assets. The method may also allow a user to view partially downloaded media assets without network connectivity. The method may also replace portions of media assets downloaded in a first version with portions of the media assets in a second version once network connectivity is restored.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.17/522,292, filed Nov. 9, 2021, now allowed, which is a continuation ofU.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/222,080, filed Apr. 5, 2021, nowU.S. Pat. No. 11,202,114, which is a continuation of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 15/087,214, filed Mar. 31, 2016, now U.S. Pat. No.10,999,614, which are hereby incorporated by reference herein in theirrespective entireties.

BACKGROUND

Users of media guidance applications may wish to download media assetsto their user devices for storage. The users may watch the stored mediaassets when they do not have access to a communications network. Mediaguidance applications do not calibrate download characteristics to allowthe media assets to be quickly and fully downloaded on user devices.This causes incomplete downloads to be performed if a user device losesaccess to a communications network during the download. Media guidanceapplications do not allow users to watch media assets if the mediaassets have only been partially downloaded on a user device. Hence,incomplete downloads may be useless to and frustrating for users.

SUMMARY

Methods and systems for efficiently downloading media assets aredescribed in this disclosure. In some aspects, the method includesreceiving a user selection of a media asset. For example, the mediaguidance application may receive a user selection of “Movie A”indicating that the user wishes to download Movie A and have it locallystored on the user's device for future access. In some embodiments, themedia guidance application may receive user selections of more than twomedia assets, and order them based on the current user device being usedby the user. For example, if the media guidance application receiveduser selections of a movie and a song on a television, the mediaguidance application may schedule the movie before the song in adownload order for the media assets because the media guidanceapplication may have predetermined information that states movies areaccessed more frequently than songs on televisions.

The method may include determining future unavailability of a network.For example, the media guidance application may determine, based oninformation from a user's calendar, that the user will soon be boardinga flight and will not have network access for the duration of theflight. The media guidance application may further determine therequested media asset download of “Movie A” cannot be completed in HDquality before the user boards her flight. The media guidanceapplication may determine future unavailability based on one of acalendar, a location, and a behavior pattern.

The method may include receiving, from a server, based on receiving theuser selection, a first version identifier associated with the mediaasset and a second version identifier associated with the media asset,wherein the first version identifier is associated with a first versionof the media asset stored on the server and the second versionidentifier is associated with a second version of the media asset storedon the server. For example, the media guidance application may transmita request to a server requesting identifiers of all available versionsof the requested media asset. The media guidance application may receivethe following identifiers associated with different versions of themedia asset “Movie A”: “HD” and “SD”. The version may be any of HDquality, SD quality, 4K quality, 240p quality, 320p quality, 480quality, 720p quality, and 1080p quality.

The method may include splitting, in response to receiving the firstversion identifier and the second version identifier, the media assetinto a first segment and a second segment. For example, the mediaguidance application may split the media asset “Movie A” into twosegments of equal length, wherein one segment will be downloaded in SDquality and another version will be downloaded in HD quality. The sizeof the segments may be based on the determined future unavailability ofthe network. The splitting may further be based on a time remaininguntil the future unavailability of the network. For example, the mediaguidance application may split the media asset to ensure the media assetcan be completely downloaded before the loss of network connectivity.The splitting may further be based on received user selections such as amaximum download time, a percentage associated with the first version ofthe media asset, and a desired version of the media asset.

The method may include transmitting, to the server, a request for afirst portion of the first version of the media asset, associated withthe first version identifier, comprising the first segment of the mediaasset and a second portion of the second version of the media asset,associated with the second version identifier, comprising the secondsegment of the media asset. For example, the media guidance applicationmay transmit a request to a video-on-demand server requesting a firsthalf of “Movie A” in SD quality and a second half of “Movie A” in HDquality, wherein the request comprises the received identifiers “SD” and“HD”. The media guidance application may request only SD quality for thebeginning and end portions of “Movie A” as these portions may onlycontain opening and ending credits respectively, and hence may not be ofinterest to he user.

The method may include receiving, from the server, prior to thedetermined future unavailability of the network, the first portion ofthe first version of the media asset and the second portion of thesecond version of the media asset. For example, the media guidanceapplication may receive a first half of “Movie A” in SD quality and asecond half of “Movie A” in HD quality. The media guidance applicationmay generate for display an icon on a program listings page indicatinghow much of “Movie A” has been downloaded in which version. The mediaguidance application may also replace the SD portion of “Movie A” withan HD portion of “Movie A” at a later time.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The above and other objects and advantages of the disclosure will beapparent upon consideration of the following detailed description, takenin conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like referencecharacters refer to like parts throughout, and in which:

FIG. 1 is an illustrative media guidance application screen showingmedia assets available for download, in accordance with some embodimentsof this disclosure;

FIG. 2 is an illustrative media guidance application screen showingmedia assets that have been downloaded, in accordance with someembodiments of this disclosure;

FIG. 3 shows an illustrative example of a display screen generated by amedia guidance application, in accordance with some embodiments of thedisclosure;

FIG. 4 shows another illustrative example of a display screen generatedby a media guidance application, in accordance with some embodiments ofthe disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an illustrative user equipment device, inaccordance with some embodiments of the disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an illustrative media system, in accordancewith some embodiments of the disclosure;

FIG. 7 is an exemplary process for efficiently downloading media assets,in accordance with some embodiments of this disclosure;

FIG. 8 is an exemplary process for receiving a user selection of a mediaasset, in accordance with some embodiments of this disclosure;

FIG. 9 is an exemplary process for determining future unavailability ofa network, in accordance with some embodiments of this disclosure;

FIG. 10 is an exemplary process for receiving a first version identifierand a second version identifier from a network, in accordance with someembodiments of this disclosure;

FIG. 11 is an exemplary process for determining what fraction of a mediaasset should be downloaded in a first version, in accordance with someembodiments of this disclosure;

FIG. 12 is an exemplary process for splitting a media asset, inaccordance with some embodiments of this disclosure;

FIG. 13 is an exemplary process for receiving a first and second portionof a media asset, in accordance with some embodiments of thisdisclosure; and

FIG. 14 is an exemplary process for replacing downloaded media assets,in accordance with some embodiments of this disclosure.

DETAILED DISCLOSURE

Methods and systems may be required for downloading media assetsefficiently and quickly before loss of network connectivity. Forexample, the media guidance application may determine a user has toboard a flight in five minutes, and receive a user request to download amovie. The media guidance application may download the movie insegments, wherein 75% of the segments are downloaded in SD quality,which downloads faster than HD quality, and the remaining 25% of thesegments are downloaded in HD quality. This may allow the download to becompleted before the user boards his flight and loses networkconnectivity.

FIG. 1 is an illustrative media guidance application screen 100 showingmedia assets available for download incorporating embodiments of thepresent disclosure. Screen 100 depicts only three media assets forsimplicity, but any number of media assets may be displayed as beingavailable for download in accordance with the embodiments in thisdisclosure. Screen 100 may be displayed on any of user televisionequipment 602, user computer equipment 604, and wireless usercommunications device 606.

Screen 100 may show media assets available for download. While mediaassets have not been downloaded, they may only be available for viewingwhile communications network 614 is available. Once media assets havebeen downloaded, they may be available for viewing even ifcommunications network 614 is not available. For example, media assetsmay require access to a cable television network or Internet to beviewed while they have not been downloaded.

Screen 100 may show icons for many different types of media assets thatare available for download. The media guidance application may generatefor display screen 100 using control circuitry 504 on display 512. Forexample, movie A 102, television show B 104, and song C 106 may beavailable for download and represented by their respective icons. Iconsfor movie A 102, television show B 104, and song C 106 may be of anyshape or size, and may include any combination of text, images, andaudio. In some embodiments, movie A 102, television show B 104, and songC 106 are media assets that have been downloaded by a user device, suchas a set-top box. The media assets may be available for download onanother connected user device, such as a tablet. In some embodiments,movie A 102, television show B 104, and song C 106 are media assets thatare video-on-demand media assets. The media assets may be available fordownload on any user device to be viewed after the download.

Movie A 102, television show B 104, and song C 106 may be selectable bya user through a user input interface 510. The media guidanceapplication may allow any number of media assets to be selected by theuser.

Indicator 108 may include an identifier or name of the user devicedisplaying screen 100. The media guidance application may connect theuser device identified by indicator 108 to other user devices usingcommunications network 614. For example, a tablet may be connected to aset-top box using the Internet. Indicator 108 may include anycombination of text, images, and audio.

In some embodiments, the media guidance application may receive aselection of both movie A 102 and television show B 104, indicating theuser would like to download both. The media guidance application maydetermine that the current device is a tablet, and retrieve informationfrom storage circuitry 508 that tablets are used to view movies moreoften than television shows. The information in the storage circuitry508 may list the frequency of viewing different types of media ondifferent types of user devices. Based on the retrieved information, themedia guidance application may schedule movie A 102 for download beforetelevision show B 104. This download order may be stored using storagecircuitry 508.

FIG. 2 is an illustrative media guidance application screen 200 showingmedia assets that have been downloaded incorporating embodiments of thepresent disclosure. The media guidance application may generate fordisplay screen 200 once the media assets shown in screen 100 have beendownloaded fully or partially. The media guidance application mayreceive user input through user input interface 510 that the mediaassets should be downloaded before it generates for display screen 200.

The media guidance application may generate for display icons for movieA 202, television show B 204, and song C 206 in a similar manner to theicons generated for display for movie A 102, television show B 104, andsong C 106. The media guidance application may generate for displayindicator 208 in a similar manner to indicator 108.

The media guidance application may also generate for display partiallytransparent or opaque icons like icon 210 on top of the icon for eachmedia asset. Icon 210 may indicate what portion of movie A 202 has beendownloaded. Icon 210 may also indicate in which version movie A 202 hasbeen downloaded. As referred to herein, “version” may refer to videoquality (such as HD, SD, and 4K quality), sound quality (such as mono orstereo sound), or length of media asset (such as extended edition lengthand director's cut length).

The media guidance application may use any of icons 212-222 to representthe information shown by icon 210. Icons 212-222 are shown as exemplaryicons, and any other icons may be used in accordance with embodiments ofthis disclosure. In some embodiments, the media guidance applicationchooses which of icons 212-222 to display based on user input. In someembodiments, the media guidance application chooses which of icons212-222 to display based on the type of media asset. For example, icon212 may be displayed for television shows such as television show B 204,and icon 214 may be displayed for songs such as song C 206. In someembodiments, icons 212, 214, and 216 are used for media assets whichhave been downloaded in multiple versions, while icons 218, 220, and 222are used to media assets that have only been downloaded in a singleversion.

For example, the media guidance application may use icon 212 to indicatewhat portion of a media asset has been downloaded in a first versionsuch as HD quality and what portion has been downloaded in a secondversion such as SD quality. Icon 212 may be similar to a pie graph.Portion 212 a of the pie graph in icon 212 may indicate what portion ofthe media asset has been downloaded in HD quality while portion 212 bmay indicate what portion of the media asset has been downloaded in SDquality. For example, if 25% of movie A 202 has been downloaded in HDquality, portion 212 a may comprise one-fourth of the area of the piegraph in icon 212. Similarly, if 75% of movie A 202 has been downloadedin SD quality, portion 212 b may comprise three-fourths of the area ofthe pie graph in icon 212. Each portion may be associated with its owncolor and/or pattern. Additional portions may be added to the pie graphin icon 212 to indicate what portion of the media asset has beendownloaded in 4K quality, or in other versions. Icon 218 may also be apie graph, and may show what portion of the media asset has been loadedin a first version. For example, if 75% of movie A 202 has beendownloaded in SD quality, and the rest of the download is incomplete,the pie graph in icon 218 may be three-fourths filled in.

Similarly, the media guidance application may use icon 214 to indicatewhat portion of a media asset has been downloaded in a first version andwhat portion has been downloaded in a second version. Icon 214 may uselength of radii of concentric circles to represent the respectiveportions. The length of the radius of circle 214 a may indicate whatportion of the media asset has been downloaded in HD quality while thelength of the radius of circle 214 b may indicate what portion of themedia asset has been downloaded in SD quality. For example, a radius of300 pixels for icon 214 may indicate a complete download. If two-thirdsof movie A 202 has been downloaded in SD quality, radius of circle 214 bmay be 200 pixels. If one-third of movie A 202 has been downloaded in HDquality, radius of circle 214 a may be 100 pixels. Hence, the ratio ofthe radii of concentric circles 214 a and 214 b is proportional to theratio of the portions of a movie downloaded in a first and secondversion. Each concentric circle may be associated with its own colorand/or pattern. An additional circle may be added to icon 214 toindicate what portions of the media asset have been downloaded in 4Kquality. Icon 220 may be similar, and the length of the radius of thecircle in icon 220 may indicate what portion of the media asset has beendownloaded in a first version. For example, a radius of 300 pixels foricon 220 may indicate a complete download. If half of movie A 202 hasbeen downloaded in SD quality, and the rest of the download is pending,the radius of the circle in icon 220 may be 150 pixels.

Similarly, media guidance application may use icon 216 to indicate whatportion of a media asset has been downloaded in a first version and whatportion has been downloaded in a second version. Icon 214 may use lengthof circumference that is filled in for hollow concentric circles torepresent the respective portions. The length of the circumference thatis filled in for hollow concentric circle 216 a may indicate whatportion of the media asset has been downloaded in HD quality while thelength of the circumference that is filled in for hollow concentriccircle 216 b may indicate what portion of the media asset has beendownloaded in SD quality. A filled-in circumference length may bethicker and/or in a different color than an empty circumference length.For example, a completely filled-in circumference for hollow concentriccircle 216 a may indicate entire movie A 202 has been downloaded in HDquality. Similarly, a completely filled-in circumference for hollowconcentric circle 216 b may indicate entire movie A 202 has beendownloaded in SD quality. If two-thirds of movie A 202 has beendownloaded in SD quality, two-thirds of the circumference of hollowconcentric circle 216 a may be filled in. If one-third of movie A 202has been downloaded in HD quality, one-third of the circumference ofhollow concentric circle 216 b may be filled in. Hence, the ratio of thelength of filled in circumference to the length of empty circumferencefor each hollow concentric circle 216 a and 216 b is proportional to theratio of the portions of a movie downloaded in a first and secondversion. Each hollow concentric circle's filled-in and emptycircumference lengths may be associated with their own color and/orpattern. An additional circle may be added to icon 216 to indicate whatportions of the media asset have been downloaded in 4K quality. Icon 222may indicate what portion of the media asset has been downloaded in afirst version using the length of the circumference that is filled infor the circle.

In some embodiments, icon 210 may be animated while a media assetdownload is occurring. For example, if movie A 202 is currently beingdownloaded, the media guidance application may generate for display aspinning, flashing, or otherwise animated icon 210. The portions of eachicon may be animated separately. For example, the media guidanceapplication may apply a first animation such as flashing to portion 212a of icon 212 and a second animation such as sparkling to portion 212 bof icon 212. In some embodiments, icon 210 may be static when a downloadis not occurring. For example, if the media guidance application haslost access to communications network 614 and movie A 202 is notcurrently being downloaded, the media guidance application may generatefor display a still, non-animated icon 210.

The amount of content available to users in any given content deliverysystem can be substantial. Consequently, many users desire a form ofmedia guidance through an interface that allows users to efficientlynavigate content selections and easily identify content that they maydesire. An application that provides such guidance is referred to hereinas an interactive media guidance application or, sometimes, a mediaguidance application or a guidance application.

Interactive media guidance applications may take various forms dependingon the content for which they provide guidance. One typical type ofmedia guidance application is an interactive television program guide.Interactive television program guides (sometimes referred to aselectronic program guides) are well-known guidance applications that,among other things, allow users to navigate among and locate many typesof content or media assets. Interactive media guidance applications maygenerate graphical user interface screens that enable a user to navigateamong, locate and select content. As referred to herein, the terms“media asset” and “content” should be understood to mean anelectronically consumable user asset, such as television programming, aswell as pay-per-view programs, on-demand programs (as in video-on-demand(VOD) systems), Internet content (e.g., streaming content, downloadablecontent, Webcasts, etc.), video clips, audio, content information,pictures, rotating images, documents, playlists, websites, articles,books, electronic books, blogs, chat sessions, social media,applications, games, and/or any other media or multimedia and/orcombination of the same. Guidance applications also allow users tonavigate among and locate content. As referred to herein, the term“multimedia” should be understood to mean content that utilizes at leasttwo different content forms described above, for example, text, audio,images, video, or interactivity content forms. Content may be recorded,played, displayed or accessed by user equipment devices, but can also bepart of a live performance.

The media guidance application and/or any instructions for performingany of the embodiments discussed herein may be encoded on computerreadable media. Computer-readable media includes any media capable ofstoring data. The computer-readable media may be transitory, including,but not limited to, propagating electrical or electromagnetic signals,or may be non-transitory including, but not limited to, volatile andnon-volatile computer memory or storage devices such as a hard disk,floppy disk, USB drive, DVD, CD, media cards, register memory, processorcaches, Random Access Memory (“RAM”), etc.

With the advent of the Internet, mobile computing, and high-speedwireless networks, users are accessing media on user equipment deviceson which they traditionally did not. As referred to herein, the phrase“user equipment device,” “user equipment,” “user device,” “electronicdevice,” “electronic equipment,” “media equipment device,” or “mediadevice” should be understood to mean any device for accessing thecontent described above, such as a television, a Smart TV, a set-topbox, an integrated receiver decoder (IRD) for handling satellitetelevision, a digital storage device, a digital media receiver (DMR), adigital media adapter (DMA), a streaming media device, a DVD player, aDVD recorder, a connected DVD, a local media server, a BLU-RAY player, aBLU-RAY recorder, a personal computer (PC), a laptop computer, a tabletcomputer, a WebTV box, a personal computer television (PC/TV), a PCmedia server, a PC media center, a hand-held computer, a stationarytelephone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile telephone, aportable video player, a portable music player, a portable gamingmachine, a smart phone, or any other television equipment, computingequipment, or wireless device, and/or combination of the same. In someembodiments, the user equipment device may have a front-facing screenand a rear-facing screen, multiple front screens, or multiple angledscreens. In some embodiments, the user equipment device may have afront-facing camera and/or a rear-facing camera. On these user equipmentdevices, users may be able to navigate among and locate the same contentavailable through a television. Consequently, media guidance may beavailable on these devices, as well. The guidance provided may be forcontent available only through a television, for content available onlythrough one or more of other types of user equipment devices, or forcontent available both through a television and one or more of the othertypes of user equipment devices. The media guidance applications may beprovided as on-line applications (i.e., provided on a website), or asstand-alone applications or clients on user equipment devices. Variousdevices and platforms that may implement media guidance applications aredescribed in more detail below.

One of the functions of the media guidance application is to providemedia guidance data to users. As referred to herein, the phrase “mediaguidance data” or “guidance data” should be understood to mean any datarelated to content or data used in operating the guidance application.For example, the guidance data may include program information, guidanceapplication settings, user preferences, user profile information, medialistings, media-related information (e.g., broadcast times, broadcastchannels, titles, descriptions, ratings information (e.g., parentalcontrol ratings, critic's ratings, etc.), genre or category information,actor information, logo data for broadcasters' or providers' logos,etc.), media format (e.g., standard definition, high definition, 3D,etc.), on-demand information, blogs, websites, and any other type ofguidance data that is helpful for a user to navigate among and locatedesired content selections.

FIGS. 3-4 show illustrative display screens that may be used to providemedia guidance data. The display screens shown in FIGS. 3-4 may beimplemented on any suitable user equipment device or platform. While thedisplays of FIGS. 3-4 are illustrated as full screen displays, they mayalso be fully or partially overlaid over content being displayed. A usermay indicate a desire to access content information by selecting aselectable option provided in a display screen (e.g., a menu option, alistings option, an icon, a hyperlink, etc.) or pressing a dedicatedbutton (e.g., a GUIDE button) on a remote control or other user inputinterface or device. In response to the user's indication, the mediaguidance application may provide a display screen with media guidancedata organized in one of several ways, such as by time and channel in agrid, by time, by channel, by source, by content type, by category(e.g., movies, sports, news, children, or other categories ofprogramming), or other predefined, user-defined, or other organizationcriteria.

FIG. 3 shows an illustrative grid of a program listings display 300arranged by time and channel that also enables access to different typesof content in a single display. Display 300 may include grid 302 with(1) a column of channel/content type identifiers 304, where eachchannel/content type identifier (which is a cell in the column)identifies a different channel or content type available; and (2) a rowof time identifiers 306, where each time identifier (which is a cell inthe row) identifies a time block of programming. Grid 302 also includescells of program listings, such as program listing 308, where eachlisting provides the title of the program provided on the listing'sassociated channel and time. With a user input device, a user can selectprogram listings by moving highlight region 310. Information relating tothe program listing selected by highlight region 310 may be provided inprogram information region 312. Region 312 may include, for example, theprogram title, the program description, the time the program is provided(if applicable), the channel the program is on (if applicable), theprogram's rating, and other desired information.

In addition to providing access to linear programming (e.g., contentthat is scheduled to be transmitted to a plurality of user equipmentdevices at a predetermined time and is provided according to aschedule), the media guidance application also provides access tonon-linear programming (e.g., content accessible to a user equipmentdevice at any time and not provided according to a schedule). Non-linearprogramming may include content from different content sources,including on-demand content (e.g., VOD), Internet content (e.g.,streaming media, downloadable media, etc.), locally stored content(e.g., content stored on any user equipment device described above orother storage device), or other time-independent content. On-demandcontent may include movies or any other content provided by a particularcontent provider (e.g., HBO On Demand providing “The Sopranos” and “CurbYour Enthusiasm”). HBO ON DEMAND is a service mark owned by Time WarnerCompany L.P. et al. and THE SOPRANOS and CURB YOUR ENTHUSIASM aretrademarks owned by the Home Box Office, Inc. Internet content mayinclude web events, such as a chat session or Webcast, or contentavailable ondemand as streaming content or downloadable content throughan Internet web site or other Internet access (e.g. FTP).

Grid 302 may provide media guidance data for non-linear programmingincluding on-demand listing 314, recorded content listing 316, andInternet content listing 318. A display combining media guidance datafor content from different types of content sources is sometimesreferred to as a “mixed-media” display. Various permutations of thetypes of media guidance data that may be displayed that are differentthan display 300 may be based on user selection or guidance applicationdefinition (e.g., a display of only recorded and broadcast listings,only on-demand and broadcast listings, etc.). As illustrated, listings314, 316, and 318 are shown as spanning the entire time block displayedin grid 302 to indicate that selection of these listings may provideaccess to a display dedicated to on-demand listings, recorded listings,or Internet listings, respectively. In some embodiments, listings forthese content types may be included directly in grid 302. Additionalmedia guidance data may be displayed in response to the user selectingone of the navigational icons 320. (Pressing an arrow key on a userinput device may affect the display in a similar manner as selectingnavigational icons 320.)

Display 300 may also include video region 322, and options region 326.Video region 322 may allow the user to view and/or preview programs thatare currently available, will be available, or were available to theuser. The content of video region 322 may correspond to, or beindependent from, one of the listings displayed in grid 302. Griddisplays including a video region are sometimes referred to aspicture-in-guide (PIG) displays. PIG displays and their functionalitiesare described in greater detail in Satterfield et al. U.S. Pat. No.6,564,378, issued May 13, 2003, and Yuen et al. U.S. Pat. No. 6,239,794,issued May 29, 2001, which are hereby incorporated by reference hereinin their entireties. PIG displays may be included in other mediaguidance application display screens of the embodiments describedherein.

Options region 326 may allow the user to access different types ofcontent, media guidance application displays, and/or media guidanceapplication features. Options region 326 may be part of display 300 (andother display screens described herein), or may be invoked by a user byselecting an on-screen option or pressing a dedicated or assignablebutton on a user input device. The selectable options within optionsregion 326 may concern features related to program listings in grid 302or may include options available from a main menu display. Featuresrelated to program listings may include searching for other air times orways of receiving a program, recording a program, enabling seriesrecording of a program, setting program and/or channel as a favorite,purchasing a program, or other features. Options available from a mainmenu display may include search options, VOD options, parental controloptions, Internet options, cloud-based options, device synchronizationoptions, second screen device options, options to access various typesof media guidance data displays, options to subscribe to a premiumservice, options to edit a user's profile, options to access a browseoverlay, or other options.

The media guidance application may be personalized based on a user'spreferences. A personalized media guidance application allows a user tocustomize displays and features to create a personalized “experience”with the media guidance application. This personalized experience may becreated by allowing a user to input these customizations and/or by themedia guidance application monitoring user activity to determine varioususer preferences. Users may access their personalized guidanceapplication by logging in or otherwise identifying themselves to theguidance application. Customization of the media guidance applicationmay be made in accordance with a user profile. The customizations mayinclude varying presentation schemes (e.g., color scheme of displays,font size of text, etc.), aspects of content listings displayed (e.g.,only HDTV or only 3D programming, user-specified broadcast channelsbased on favorite channel selections, re-ordering the display ofchannels, recommended content, etc.), desired recording features (e.g.,recording or series recordings for particular users, recording quality,etc.), parental control settings, customized presentation of Internetcontent (e.g., presentation of social media content, e-mail,electronically delivered articles, etc.) and other desiredcustomizations.

The media guidance application may allow a user to provide user profileinformation or may automatically compile user profile information. Themedia guidance application may, for example, monitor the content theuser accesses and/or other interactions the user may have with theguidance application. Additionally, the media guidance application mayobtain all or part of other user profiles that are related to aparticular user (e.g., from other web sites on the Internet the useraccesses, such as www.allrovi.com, from other media guidanceapplications the user accesses, from other interactive applications theuser accesses, from another user equipment device of the user, etc.),and/or obtain information about the user from other sources that themedia guidance application may access. As a result, a user can beprovided with a unified guidance application experience across theuser's different user equipment devices. This type of user experience isdescribed in greater detail below in connection with FIG. 6 . Additionalpersonalized media guidance application features are described ingreater detail in Ellis et al., U.S. Patent Application Publication No.2005/0251827, filed Jul. 11, 2005, Boyer et al., U.S. Pat. No.7,165,098, issued Jan. 16, 2007, and Ellis et al., U.S. PatentApplication Publication No. 2002/0174430, filed Feb. 21, 2002, which arehereby incorporated by reference herein in their entireties.

Another display arrangement for providing media guidance is shown inFIG. 4 . Video mosaic display 400 includes selectable options 402 forcontent information organized based on content type, genre, and/or otherorganization criteria. In display 400, television listings option 404 isselected, thus providing listings 406, 408, 410, and 412 as broadcastprogram listings. In display 400 the listings may provide graphicalimages including cover art, still images from the content, video clippreviews, live video from the content, or other types of content thatindicate to a user the content being described by the media guidancedata in the listing. Each of the graphical listings may also beaccompanied by text to provide further information about the contentassociated with the listing. For example, listing 408 may include morethan one portion, including media portion 414 and text portion 416.Media portion 414 and/or text portion 416 may be selectable to viewcontent in fullscreen or to view information related to the contentdisplayed in media portion 414 (e.g., to view listings for the channelthat the video is displayed on).

The listings in display 400 are of different sizes (i.e., listing 406 islarger than listings 408, 410, and 412), but if desired, all thelistings may be the same size. Listings may be of different sizes orgraphically accentuated to indicate degrees of interest to the user orto emphasize certain content, as desired by the content provider orbased on user preferences. Various systems and methods for graphicallyaccentuating content listings are discussed in, for example, Yates, U.S.Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0153885, filed Nov. 12, 2009,which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

Users may access content and the media guidance application (and itsdisplay screens described above and below) from one or more of theiruser equipment devices. FIG. 5 shows a generalized embodiment ofillustrative user equipment device 500. More specific implementations ofuser equipment devices are discussed below in connection with FIG. 6 .User equipment device 500 may receive content and data via input/output(hereinafter “I/O”) path 502. I/O path 502 may provide content (e.g.,broadcast programming, on-demand programming, Internet content, contentavailable over a local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN),and/or other content) and data to control circuitry 504, which includesprocessing circuitry 506 and storage 508. Control circuitry 504 may beused to send and receive commands, requests, and other suitable datausing I/O path 502. I/O path 502 may connect control circuitry 504 (andspecifically processing circuitry 506) to one or more communicationspaths (described below). I/O functions may be provided by one or more ofthese communications paths, but are shown as a single path in FIG. 5 toavoid overcomplicating the drawing.

Control circuitry 504 may be based on any suitable processing circuitrysuch as processing circuitry 506. As referred to herein, processingcircuitry should be understood to mean circuitry based on one or moremicroprocessors, microcontrollers, digital signal processors,programmable logic devices, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs),application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc., and may includea multi-core processor (e.g., dual-core, quad-core, hexa-core, or anysuitable number of cores) or supercomputer. In some embodiments,processing circuitry may be distributed across multiple separateprocessors or processing units, for example, multiple of the same typeof processing units (e.g., two Intel Core i7 processors) or multipledifferent processors (e.g., an Intel Core i5 processor and an Intel Corei7 processor). In some embodiments, control circuitry 504 executesinstructions for a media guidance application stored in memory (i.e.,storage 508). Specifically, control circuitry 504 may be instructed bythe media guidance application to perform the functions discussed aboveand below. For example, the media guidance application may provideinstructions to control circuitry 504 to generate the media guidancedisplays. In some implementations, any action performed by controlcircuitry 504 may be based on instructions received from the mediaguidance application.

In client-server based embodiments, control circuitry 504 may includecommunications circuitry suitable for communicating with a guidanceapplication server or other networks or servers. The instructions forcarrying out the above-mentioned functionality may be stored on theguidance application server. Communications circuitry may include acable modem, an integrated services digital network (ISDN) modem, adigital subscriber line (DSL) modem, a telephone modem, Ethernet card,or a wireless modem for communications with other equipment, or anyother suitable communications circuitry. Such communications may involvethe Internet or any other suitable communications networks or paths(which is described in more detail in connection with FIG. 6 ). Inaddition, communications circuitry may include circuitry that enablespeer-to-peer communication of user equipment devices, or communicationof user equipment devices in locations remote from each other (describedin more detail below).

Memory may be an electronic storage device provided as storage 508 thatis part of control circuitry 504. As referred to herein, the phrase“electronic storage device” or “storage device” should be understood tomean any device for storing electronic data, computer software, orfirmware, such as random-access memory, read-only memory, hard drives,optical drives, digital video disc (DVD) recorders, compact disc (CD)recorders, BLU-RAY disc (BD) recorders, BLU-RAY 3D disc recorders,digital video recorders (DVR, sometimes called a personal videorecorder, or PVR), solid state devices, quantum storage devices, gamingconsoles, gaming media, or any other suitable fixed or removable storagedevices, and/or any combination of the same. Storage 508 may be used tostore various types of content described herein, as well as mediaguidance data described above. Nonvolatile memory may also be used(e.g., to launch a boot-up routine and other instructions). Cloud-basedstorage, described in relation to FIG. 6 , may be used to supplementstorage 508 or instead of storage 508.

Control circuitry 504 may include video generating circuitry and tuningcircuitry, such as one or more analog tuners, one or more MPEG-2decoders or other digital decoding circuitry, high-definition tuners, orany other suitable tuning or video circuits or combinations of suchcircuits. Encoding circuitry (e.g., for converting over-the-air, analog,or digital signals to MPEG signals for storage) may also be provided.Control circuitry 504 may also include scaler circuitry for upconvertingand downconverting content into the preferred output format of the userequipment 500. Circuitry 504 may also include digital-to-analogconverter circuitry and analog-to-digital converter circuitry forconverting between digital and analog signals. The tuning and encodingcircuitry may be used by the user equipment device to receive and todisplay, to play, or to record content. The tuning and encodingcircuitry may also be used to receive guidance data. The circuitrydescribed herein, including for example, the tuning, video generating,encoding, decoding, encrypting, decrypting, scaler, and analog/digitalcircuitry, may be implemented using software running on one or moregeneral purpose or specialized processors. Multiple tuners may beprovided to handle simultaneous tuning functions (e.g., watch and recordfunctions, picture-in-picture (PIP) functions, multiple-tuner recording,etc.). If storage 508 is provided as a separate device from userequipment 500, the tuning and encoding circuitry (including multipletuners) may be associated with storage 508.

A user may send instructions to control circuitry 504 using user inputinterface 510. User input interface 510 may be any suitable userinterface, such as a remote control, mouse, trackball, keypad, keyboard,touch screen, touchpad, stylus input, joystick, voice recognitioninterface, or other user input interfaces. Display 512 may be providedas a stand-alone device or integrated with other elements of userequipment device 500. For example, display 512 may be a touchscreen ortouch-sensitive display. In such circumstances, user input interface 510may be integrated with or combined with display 512. Display 512 may beone or more of a monitor, a television, a liquid crystal display (LCD)for a mobile device, amorphous silicon display, low temperaturepolysilicon display, electronic ink display, electrophoretic display,active matrix display, electro-wetting display, electrofluidic display,cathode ray tube display, light-emitting diode display,electroluminescent display, plasma display panel, high-performanceaddressing display, thin-film transistor display, organic light-emittingdiode display, surface-conduction electron-emitter display (SED), lasertelevision, carbon nanotubes, quantum dot display, interferometricmodulator display, or any other suitable equipment for displaying visualimages. In some embodiments, display 512 may be HDTV-capable. In someembodiments, display 512 may be a 3D display, and the interactive mediaguidance application and any suitable content may be displayed in 3D. Avideo card or graphics card may generate the output to the display 512.The video card may offer various functions such as accelerated renderingof 3D scenes and 2D graphics, MPEG-2/MPEG-4 decoding, TV output, or theability to connect multiple monitors. The video card may be anyprocessing circuitry described above in relation to control circuitry504. The video card may be integrated with the control circuitry 504.Speakers 514 may be provided as integrated with other elements of userequipment device 500 or may be stand-alone units. The audio component ofvideos and other content displayed on display 512 may be played throughspeakers 514. In some embodiments, the audio may be distributed to areceiver (not shown), which processes and outputs the audio via speakers514.

The guidance application may be implemented using any suitablearchitecture. For example, it may be a stand-alone applicationwholly-implemented on user equipment device 500. In such an approach,instructions of the application are stored locally (e.g., in storage508), and data for use by the application is downloaded on a periodicbasis (e.g., from an out-of-band feed, from an Internet resource, orusing another suitable approach). Control circuitry 504 may retrieveinstructions of the application from storage 508 and process theinstructions to generate any of the displays discussed herein. Based onthe processed instructions, control circuitry 504 may determine whataction to perform when input is received from input interface 510. Forexample, movement of a cursor on a display up/down may be indicated bythe processed instructions when input interface 510 indicates that anup/down button was selected.

In some embodiments, the media guidance application is a client-serverbased application. Data for use by a thick or thin client implemented onuser equipment device 500 is retrieved on-demand by issuing requests toa server remote to the user equipment device 500. In one example of aclient-server based guidance application, control circuitry 504 runs aweb browser that interprets web pages provided by a remote server. Forexample, the remote server may store the instructions for theapplication in a storage device. The remote server may process thestored instructions using circuitry (e.g., control circuitry 504) andgenerate the displays discussed above and below. The client device mayreceive the displays generated by the remote server and may display thecontent of the displays locally on equipment device 500. This way, theprocessing of the instructions is performed remotely by the server whilethe resulting displays are provided locally on equipment device 500.Equipment device 500 may receive inputs from the user via inputinterface 510 and transmit those inputs to the remote server forprocessing and generating the corresponding displays. For example,equipment device 500 may transmit a communication to the remote serverindicating that an up/down button was selected via input interface 510.The remote server may process instructions in accordance with that inputand generate a display of the application corresponding to the input(e.g., a display that moves a cursor up/down). The generated display isthen transmitted to equipment device 500 for presentation to the user.

In some embodiments, the media guidance application is downloaded andinterpreted or otherwise run by an interpreter or virtual machine (runby control circuitry 504). In some embodiments, the guidance applicationmay be encoded in the ETV Binary Interchange Format (EBIF), received bycontrol circuitry 504 as part of a suitable feed, and interpreted by auser agent running on control circuitry 504. For example, the guidanceapplication may be an EBIF application. In some embodiments, theguidance application may be defined by a series of JAVA-based files thatare received and run by a local virtual machine or other suitablemiddleware executed by control circuitry 504. In some of suchembodiments (e.g., those employing MPEG-2 or other digital mediaencoding schemes), the guidance application may be, for example, encodedand transmitted in an MPEG-2 object carousel with the MPEG audio andvideo packets of a program.

User equipment device 500 of FIG. 5 can be implemented in system 600 ofFIG. 6 as user television equipment 602, user computer equipment 604,wireless user communications device 606, or any other type of userequipment suitable for accessing content, such as a non-portable gamingmachine. For simplicity, these devices may be referred to hereincollectively as user equipment or user equipment devices, and may besubstantially similar to user equipment devices described above. Userequipment devices, on which a media guidance application may beimplemented, may function as a standalone device or may be part of anetwork of devices. Various network configurations of devices may beimplemented and are discussed in more detail below.

A user equipment device utilizing at least some of the system featuresdescribed above in connection with FIG. 5 may not be classified solelyas user television equipment 602, user computer equipment 604, or awireless user communications device 606. For example, user televisionequipment 602 may, like some user computer equipment 604, beInternet-enabled allowing for access to Internet content, while usercomputer equipment 604 may, like some television equipment 602, includea tuner allowing for access to television programming. The mediaguidance application may have the same layout on various different typesof user equipment or may be tailored to the display capabilities of theuser equipment. For example, on user computer equipment 604, theguidance application may be provided as a website accessed by a webbrowser. In another example, the guidance application may be scaled downfor wireless user communications devices 606.

In system 600, there is typically more than one of each type of userequipment device but only one of each is shown in FIG. 6 to avoidovercomplicating the drawing. In addition, each user may utilize morethan one type of user equipment device and also more than one of eachtype of user equipment device.

In some embodiments, a user equipment device (e.g., user televisionequipment 602, user computer equipment 604, wireless user communicationsdevice 606) may be referred to as a “second screen device.” For example,a second screen device may supplement content presented on a first userequipment device. The content presented on the second screen device maybe any suitable content that supplements the content presented on thefirst device. In some embodiments, the second screen device provides aninterface for adjusting settings and for displaying preferences of thefirst device. In some embodiments, the second screen device isconfigured for interacting with other second screen devices or forinteracting with a social network. The second screen device can belocated in the same room as the first device, a different room from thefirst device but in the same house or building, or in a differentbuilding from the first device.

The user may also set various settings to maintain consistent mediaguidance application settings across in-home devices and remote devices.Settings include those described herein, as well as channel and programfavorites, programming preferences that the guidance applicationutilizes to make programming recommendations, display preferences, andother desirable guidance settings. For example, if a user sets a channelas a favorite on, for example, the website www.allrovi.com on theirpersonal computer at their office, the same channel would appear as afavorite on the user's in-home devices (e.g., user television equipmentand user computer equipment) as well as the user's mobile devices, ifdesired. Therefore, changes made on one user equipment device can changethe guidance experience on another user equipment device, regardless ofwhether they are the same or a different type of user equipment device.In addition, the changes made may be based on settings input by a user,as well as user activity monitored by the guidance application.

The user equipment devices may be coupled to communications network 614.Namely, user television equipment 602, user computer equipment 604, andwireless user communications device 606 are coupled to communicationsnetwork 614 via communications paths 608, 610, and 612, respectively.Communications network 614 may be one or more networks including theInternet, a mobile phone network, mobile voice or data network (e.g., a4G or LTE network), cable network, public switched telephone network, orother types of communications network or combinations of communicationsnetworks. Paths 608, 610, and 612 may, separately or together, includeone or more communications paths, such as, a satellite path, afiber-optic path, a cable path, a path that supports Internetcommunications (e.g., IPTV), free-space connections (e.g., for broadcastor other wireless signals), or any other suitable wired or wirelesscommunications path or combination of such paths. Path 612 is drawn withdotted lines to indicate that, in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG.6 , it is a wireless path and paths 608 and 610 are drawn as solid linesto indicate they are wired paths (although these paths may be wirelesspaths, if desired). Communications with the user equipment devices maybe provided by one or more of these communications paths, but are shownas a single path in FIG. 6 to avoid overcomplicating the drawing.

Although communications paths are not drawn between user equipmentdevices, these devices may communicate directly with each other viacommunication paths, such as those described above in connection withpaths 608, 610, and 612, as well as other short-range point-to-pointcommunication paths, such as USB cables, IEEE 1394 cables, wirelesspaths (e.g., Bluetooth, infrared, IEEE 802-11x, etc.), or othershort-range communication via wired or wireless paths. BLUETOOTH is acertification mark owned by Bluetooth SIG, INC. The user equipmentdevices may also communicate with each other directly through anindirect path via communications network 614.

System 600 includes content source 616 and media guidance data source618 coupled to communications network 614 via communication paths 620and 622, respectively. Paths 620 and 622 may include any of thecommunication paths described above in connection with paths 608, 610,and 612. Communications with the content source 616 and media guidancedata source 618 may be exchanged over one or more communications paths,but are shown as a single path in FIG. 6 to avoid overcomplicating thedrawing. In addition, there may be more than one of each of contentsource 616 and media guidance data source 618, but only one of each isshown in FIG. 6 to avoid overcomplicating the drawing. (The differenttypes of each of these sources are discussed below.) If desired, contentsource 616 and media guidance data source 618 may be integrated as onesource device. Although communications between sources 616 and 618 withuser equipment devices 602, 604, and 606 are shown as throughcommunications network 614, in some embodiments, sources 616 and 618 maycommunicate directly with user equipment devices 602, 604, and 606 viacommunication paths (not shown) such as those described above inconnection with paths 608, 610, and 612.

Content source 616 may include one or more types of content distributionequipment including a television distribution facility, cable systemheadend, satellite distribution facility, programming sources (e.g.,television broadcasters, such as NBC, ABC, HBO, etc.), intermediatedistribution facilities and/or servers, Internet providers, on-demandmedia servers, and other content providers. NBC is a trademark owned bythe National Broadcasting Company, Inc., ABC is a trademark owned by theAmerican Broadcasting Company, Inc., and HBO is a trademark owned by theHome Box Office, Inc. Content source 616 may be the originator ofcontent (e.g., a television broadcaster, a Webcast provider, etc.) ormay not be the originator of content (e.g., an on-demand contentprovider, an Internet provider of content of broadcast programs fordownloading, etc.). Content source 616 may include cable sources,satellite providers, on-demand providers, Internet providers,over-the-top content providers, or other providers of content. Contentsource 616 may also include a remote media server used to storedifferent types of content (including video content selected by a user),in a location remote from any of the user equipment devices. Systems andmethods for remote storage of content, and for providing remotely storedcontent to user equipment are discussed in greater detail in connectionwith Ellis et al., U.S. Pat. No. 7,761,892, issued Jul. 20, 2010, whichis hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

Media guidance data source 618 may provide media guidance data, such asthe media guidance data described above. Media guidance data may beprovided to the user equipment devices using any suitable approach. Insome embodiments, the guidance application may be a stand-aloneinteractive television program guide that receives program guide datavia a data feed (e.g., a continuous feed or trickle feed). Programschedule data and other guidance data may be provided to the userequipment on a television channel sideband, using an in-band digitalsignal, using an out-of-band digital signal, or by any other suitabledata transmission technique. Program schedule data and other mediaguidance data may be provided to user equipment on multiple analog ordigital television channels.

In some embodiments, guidance data from media guidance data source 618may be provided to users' equipment using a client-server approach. Forexample, a user equipment device may pull media guidance data from aserver, or a server may push media guidance data to a user equipmentdevice. In some embodiments, a guidance application client residing onthe user's equipment may initiate sessions with source 618 to obtainguidance data when needed, e.g., when the guidance data is out of dateor when the user equipment device receives a request from the user toreceive data. Media guidance may be provided to the user equipment withany suitable frequency (e.g., continuously, daily, a user-specifiedperiod of time, a system-specified period of time, in response to arequest from user equipment, etc.). Media guidance data source 618 mayprovide user equipment devices 602, 604, and 606 the media guidanceapplication itself or software updates for the media guidanceapplication.

In some embodiments, the media guidance data may include viewer data.For example, the viewer data may include current and/or historical useractivity information (e.g., what content the user typically watches,what times of day the user watches content, whether the user interactswith a social network, at what times the user interacts with a socialnetwork to post information, what types of content the user typicallywatches (e.g., pay TV or free TV), mood, brain activity information,etc.). The media guidance data may also include subscription data. Forexample, the subscription data may identify which sources or services agiven user subscribes to and/or which sources or services the given userhas previously subscribed to but later terminated access (e.g., whetherthe user subscribes to premium channels, whether the user has added apremium level of services, whether the user has increased Internetspeed). In some embodiments, the viewer data and/or the subscriptiondata may identify patterns of a given user for a period of more than oneyear. The media guidance data may include a model (e.g., a survivormodel) used for generating a score that indicates the likelihood a givenuser will terminate access to a service/source. For example, the mediaguidance application may process the viewer data with the subscriptiondata using the model to generate a value or score that indicates alikelihood of whether the given user will terminate access to aparticular service or source. In particular, a higher score may indicatea higher level of confidence that the user will terminate access to aparticular service or source. Based on the score, the media guidanceapplication may generate promotions that entice the user to keep theparticular service or source indicated by the score as one which theuser will likely terminate access to.

Media guidance applications may be, for example, stand-aloneapplications implemented on user equipment devices. For example, themedia guidance application may be implemented as software or a set ofexecutable instructions which may be stored in storage 508, and executedby control circuitry 504 of a user equipment device 500. In someembodiments, media guidance applications may be client-serverapplications where only a client application resides on the userequipment device, and server application resides on a remote server. Forexample, media guidance applications may be implemented partially as aclient application on control circuitry 504 of user equipment device 500and partially on a remote server as a server application (e.g., mediaguidance data source 618) running on control circuitry of the remoteserver. When executed by control circuitry of the remote server (such asmedia guidance data source 618), the media guidance application mayinstruct the control circuitry to generate the guidance applicationdisplays and transmit the generated displays to the user equipmentdevices. The server application may instruct the control circuitry ofthe media guidance data source 618 to transmit data for storage on theuser equipment. The client application may instruct control circuitry ofthe receiving user equipment to generate the guidance applicationdisplays.

Content and/or media guidance data delivered to user equipment devices602, 604, and 606 may be over-the-top (OTT) content. OTT contentdelivery allows Internet-enabled user devices, including any userequipment device described above, to receive content that is transferredover the Internet, including any content described above, in addition tocontent received over cable or satellite connections. OTT content isdelivered via an Internet connection provided by an Internet serviceprovider (ISP), but a third party distributes the content. The ISP maynot be responsible for the viewing abilities, copyrights, orredistribution of the content, and may only transfer IP packets providedby the OTT content provider. Examples of OTT content providers includeYOUTUBE, NETFLIX, and HULU, which provide audio and video via IPpackets. Youtube is a trademark owned by Google Inc., Netflix is atrademark owned by Netflix Inc., and Hulu is a trademark owned by Hulu,LLC. OTT content providers may additionally or alternatively providemedia guidance data described above. In addition to content and/or mediaguidance data, providers of OTT content can distribute media guidanceapplications (e.g., web-based applications or cloud-based applications),or the content can be displayed by media guidance applications stored onthe user equipment device.

Media guidance system 600 is intended to illustrate a number ofapproaches, or network configurations, by which user equipment devicesand sources of content and guidance data may communicate with each otherfor the purpose of accessing content and providing media guidance. Theembodiments described herein may be applied in any one or a subset ofthese approaches, or in a system employing other approaches fordelivering content and providing media guidance. The following fourapproaches provide specific illustrations of the generalized example ofFIG. 6 .

In one approach, user equipment devices may communicate with each otherwithin a home network. User equipment devices can communicate with eachother directly via short-range point-to-point communication schemesdescribed above, via indirect paths through a hub or other similardevice provided on a home network, or via communications network 614.Each of the multiple individuals in a single home may operate differentuser equipment devices on the home network. As a result, it may bedesirable for various media guidance information or settings to becommunicated between the different user equipment devices. For example,it may be desirable for users to maintain consistent media guidanceapplication settings on different user equipment devices within a homenetwork, as described in greater detail in Ellis et al., U.S. PatentPublication No. 2005/0251827, filed Jul. 11, 2005. Different types ofuser equipment devices in a home network may also communicate with eachother to transmit content. For example, a user may transmit content fromuser computer equipment to a portable video player or a portable musicplayer.

In a second approach, users may have multiple types of user equipment bywhich they access content and obtain media guidance. For example, someusers may have home networks that are accessed by in-home and mobiledevices. Users may control in-home devices via a media guidanceapplication implemented on a remote device. For example, users mayaccess an online media guidance application on a website via a personalcomputer at their office, or a mobile device such as a PDA orweb-enabled mobile telephone. The user may set various settings (e.g.,recordings, reminders, or other settings) on the online guidanceapplication to control the user's in-home equipment. The online guidemay control the user's equipment directly, or by communicating with amedia guidance application on the user's in-home equipment. Varioussystems and methods for user equipment devices communicating where theuser equipment devices are in locations remote from each other arediscussed in, for example, Ellis et al., U.S. Pat. No. 8,046,801, issuedOct. 25, 2011, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in itsentirety.

In a third approach, users of user equipment devices inside and outsidea home can use their media guidance application to communicate directlywith content source 616 to access content. Specifically, within a home,users of user television equipment 602 and user computer equipment 604may access the media guidance application to navigate among and locatedesirable content. Users may also access the media guidance applicationoutside of the home using wireless user communications devices 606 tonavigate among and locate desirable content.

In a fourth approach, user equipment devices may operate in a cloudcomputing environment to access cloud services. In a cloud computingenvironment, various types of computing services for content sharing,storage or distribution (e.g., video sharing sites or social networkingsites) are provided by a collection of network-accessible computing andstorage resources, referred to as “the cloud.” For example, the cloudcan include a collection of server computing devices, which may belocated centrally or at distributed locations, that provide cloud-basedservices to various types of users and devices connected via a networksuch as the Internet via communications network 614. These cloudresources may include one or more content sources 616 and one or moremedia guidance data sources 618. In addition or in the alternative, theremote computing sites may include other user equipment devices, such asuser television equipment 602, user computer equipment 604, and wirelessuser communications device 606. For example, the other user equipmentdevices may provide access to a stored copy of a video or a streamedvideo. In such embodiments, user equipment devices may operate in apeer-to-peer manner without communicating with a central server.

The cloud provides access to services, such as content storage, contentsharing, or social networking services, among other examples, as well asaccess to any content described above, for user equipment devices.Services can be provided in the cloud through cloud computing serviceproviders, or through other providers of online services. For example,the cloud-based services can include a content storage service, acontent sharing site, a social networking site, or other services viawhich user-sourced content is distributed for viewing by others onconnected devices. These cloud-based services may allow a user equipmentdevice to store content to the cloud and to receive content from thecloud rather than storing content locally and accessing locally-storedcontent.

A user may use various content capture devices, such as camcorders,digital cameras with video mode, audio recorders, mobile phones, andhandheld computing devices, to record content. The user can uploadcontent to a content storage service on the cloud either directly, forexample, from user computer equipment 604 or wireless usercommunications device 606 having content capture feature. Alternatively,the user can first transfer the content to a user equipment device, suchas user computer equipment 604. The user equipment device storing thecontent uploads the content to the cloud using a data transmissionservice on communications network 614. In some embodiments, the userequipment device itself is a cloud resource, and other user equipmentdevices can access the content directly from the user equipment deviceon which the user stored the content.

Cloud resources may be accessed by a user equipment device using, forexample, a web browser, a media guidance application, a desktopapplication, a mobile application, and/or any combination of accessapplications of the same. The user equipment device may be a cloudclient that relies on cloud computing for application delivery, or theuser equipment device may have some functionality without access tocloud resources. For example, some applications running on the userequipment device may be cloud applications, i.e., applications deliveredas a service over the Internet, while other applications may be storedand run on the user equipment device. In some embodiments, a user devicemay receive content from multiple cloud resources simultaneously. Forexample, a user device can stream audio from one cloud resource whiledownloading content from a second cloud resource. Or a user device candownload content from multiple cloud resources for more efficientdownloading. In some embodiments, user equipment devices can use cloudresources for processing operations such as the processing operationsperformed by processing circuitry described in relation to FIG. 5 .

As referred herein, the term “in response to” refers to initiated as aresult of. For example, a first action being performed in response to asecond action may include interstitial steps between the first actionand the second action. As referred herein, the term “directly inresponse to” refers to caused by. For example, a first action beingperformed directly in response to a second action may not includeinterstitial steps between the first action and the second action.

FIG. 7 is an exemplary process 700 for efficiently downloading mediaassets incorporating embodiments of the present disclosure. The mediaguidance application may execute process 700 using control circuitry 504to download media assets shown on screens 100 and 200.

At block 702, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, receives a user selection of a media asset. Control circuitry 504may receive a user selection of any of the media assets shown on screen100 using user input interface 510. Control circuitry 504 may receivethe user selection as described in relation to FIG. 8 .

At block 704, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, determines future unavailability of a network. For example, themedia guidance application may determine Internet will be unavailable ifthe user's calendar indicates the user will be boarding a flight soon.In another example, the media guidance application may determine cablesignals are likely to be unavailable if the user's location is in thepath of a severe storm. The media guidance application may determine thefuture unavailability as described in relation to FIG. 9 .

The media guidance application may download media assets in a versionthat is quicker to download if the network is forecasted to beunavailable. For example, if the media guidance application receives auser request to download a movie and determines Internet will soon beunavailable, the media guidance application may download the movie in SDquality instead of HD quality since the former may be faster. This mayallow more of the media asset to be downloaded before networkconnectivity is lost. The media guidance application may also allowusers to view partially downloaded media assets. For example, if themedia guidance application only downloads half a movie before the userloses network availability, the media guidance application may allow theuser to view the half of the movie that has been downloaded.

At block 706, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, receives, from a server, based on receiving the user selection, afirst version identifier associated with the media asset and a secondversion identifier associated with the media asset, wherein the firstversion identifier is associated with a first version of the media assetstored on the server and the second version identifier is associatedwith a second version of the media asset stored on the server. The mediaguidance application may receive the identifiers as described inrelation to FIG. 10 .

The server may be any of media content source 616 and media guidancedata source 618. The server may store many different versions of thesame media asset using storage circuitry 508. For example, the servermay store SD and HD versions of movie A 102. The media guidanceapplication may be able to use the received identifiers to request thedifferent versions of the media asset from the server.

At block 708, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, splits, in response to receiving the first version identifier andthe second version identifier, the user selected media asset into afirst segment and a second segment. The media guidance application mayallow the user to view any of these segments even if the other has notbeen downloaded. The media guidance application may split the mediaasset into more than two segments in accordance with this disclosure.The media guidance application may split the media asset using theprocesses described in relation to FIGS. 11 and 12 .

At block 710, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, transmits, to the server, a request for a first portion of thefirst version of the media asset, associated with the first versionidentifier, comprising the first segment of the media asset and a secondportion of the second version of the media asset, associated with thesecond version identifier, comprising the second segment of the mediaasset. For example, the media guidance application may transmit arequest for a first half hour of a movie in SD quality and a second halfhour of a movie in HD quality. The server may be a source ofvideo-on-demand or stored media assets.

At block 712, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, receives, from the server, prior to the determined futureunavailability of the network, the first portion of the first version ofthe media asset and the second portion of the section version of themedia asset. The media guidance application may receive the first andsecond portions using communications network 614. For example, the mediaguidance application may receive the requested first half hour of amovie in SD quality and the second half hour of a movie in HD quality.The media guidance application may receive the first and second portionssimultaneously. The media guidance application may store the receivedfirst and second portions, and then transmit requests for furtherportions of the media asset. The media guidance application may executeblocks 710 and 712 as described in relation to FIG. 13 .

FIG. 8 is an exemplary process 800 for receiving a user selection of amedia asset incorporating embodiments of this disclosure. Process 800may be executed by control circuitry 504 to perform block 702. While themedia guidance application may execute process 800 to receive selectionson display 512, it is understood that the media guidance application mayreceive spoken selections from the user as well using speech-to-textsoftware to interpret the user's spoken commands.

At block 802, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, generates for display a plurality of indicators of media assets,wherein each indicator of a media asset is associated with a respectiveregion. For example, the media guidance application may generate fordisplay screen 100 on display 512. The media guidance application maygenerate for display regions associated with each media asset indicator.For example, the media guidance application may generate for displayscreen 100 which includes indicators for movie A 102, television show B104, and song C 106. Each indicator may be associated with an imageregion, as shown in screen 100.

At block 804, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, detects a user selection of a region on the display. The mediaguidance application may receive a user selection through user inputinterface 510. For example, the media guidance application may detectthat the user touched a point on the surface of a touchscreen on atablet displaying screen 100.

At block 806, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, determines coordinates of the user selection. For example, themedia guidance application may determine that a user selected a pixelwith (x, y) coordinates (200, 500) by activating a touchscreen of atablet displaying screen 100.

At block 808, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, compares the coordinates to each region associated with each of theplurality of indicators of media assets. For example, the media guidanceapplication may generate for display a selectable rectangular region formovie A 102 on screen 100 with (x, y) coordinates (100, 300) to (300,700). The media guidance application may also generate for display aselectable rectangular region for television show B 104 on screen 100with (x, y) coordinates (700, 300) to (900, 700). The media guidanceapplication may compare the (x, y) coordinates of the user selection tothe (x, y) coordinates of both these regions.

At block 810, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, determines, based on the comparing, that the coordinates are in aregion associated with an indicator of a media asset. For example, themedia guidance application may determine that the received userselection of coordinates (200, 500) belongs to the region associatedwith movie A 102 as described above.

FIG. 9 is an exemplary process 900 for determining future unavailabilityof a network incorporating embodiments of this disclosure. The mediaguidance application may execute process 900 as part of block 704. Asreferred to herein, network access, network connectivity, and networkavailability are used interchangeably.

At block 902, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, retrieves a user profile comprising any combination of a calendar,a user location, and behavior patterns. The media guidance applicationmay retrieve a local user profile from storage circuitry 508 or from aremote user profile database using communications network 614. Thecalendar may include records of past, present, and future useractivities. For example, the calendar may include a record that the userhas a flight booked for February 23 from 4:00 pm to 6:00 pm. The userlocation may be determined using GPS circuitry on the user device. Forexample, the media guidance application may be executed by controlcircuitry 504 on a tablet, and GPS circuitry on the same tablet mayprovide the user's current longitudinal and latitudinal coordinates.Behavior patterns may be determined by identifying common patterns inthe user's periodic movements. For example, control circuitry 504 on atablet may determine that a user's device loses network connectivitybetween 8:00 am and 9:00 am each morning, perhaps because the user isdriving to work. In another example, control circuitry 504 on a tabletmay determine that a user's device loses network connectivity every yeararound Christmas, perhaps because the user goes home to visit family.

At block 904, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, determines whether the calendar indicates the user will be losingnetwork access soon. If the retrieved user profile has no calendar,process 900 may proceed to block 906. Control circuitry 504 may compareupcoming records in the calendar to a database of keywords that indicatenetwork loss may occur. For example, the media guidance application maycompare the calendar records to keywords such as “airport,” “driving,”and “subway” that have been stored in a database using storage circuitry508. In some embodiments, the media guidance application will onlycompare a subset of calendar records within a certain threshold time ofthe current time (for example, calendar records within two hours of thecurrent time) to the keywords. If records in the calendar match any ofthe keywords, the media guidance application may determine that thecalendar indicates the user will be losing network access soon, andprocess 900 proceeds to block 912. The media guidance application mayalso store the time at which the user is expected to lose network accessbased on the information in the calendar record that shares a word withthe keywords. Otherwise, process 900 proceeds to block 906.

At block 906, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, determines whether the user location is associated with loss ofnetwork connectivity. The media guidance application may determine thecurrent user location by using coordinates provided by the GPScircuitry. The media guidance application may transmit, usingcommunications network 614, these coordinates to a map on a server. Themedia guidance application may then receive a descriptor of a locationassociated with the location coordinates, such as “restaurant,” “coffeeshop,” or “airport.” Control circuitry 504 may compare the receiveddescriptor to a database of keywords that indicate network loss mayoccur. The database of keywords may be the same as or different from thedatabase of keywords used in block 904. For example, the media guidanceapplication may compare a received descriptor “subway” to keywords suchas “airport,” “driving,” and “subway” that have been stored in adatabase using storage circuitry 508. If a portion of the receiveddescriptor matches any of the keywords, the media guidance applicationmay determine the user location is associated with loss of networkconnectivity, and process 900 proceeds to block 912. Otherwise, process900 proceeds to block 908. In some embodiments, process 900 proceeds toblock 908 if no user location data is available in the user profile.

At block 908, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, extracts a subset of behavior patterns relevant to a currentcontext. For example, the user profile retrieved by the media guidanceapplication may include the following behavior patterns: loss of networkconnectivity on workdays between 8:00 am and 9:00 am (perhaps due to theuser commuting to work) and loss of network connectivity every December(perhaps due to travelling home during holidays). The media guidanceapplication may extract a subset of the behavior patterns that areapplicable to a current context. For example, the media guidanceapplication may determine the current day is a workday in November.Hence, the first behavior pattern is relevant to the current context,but the second is not. The media guidance application may extract thebehavior pattern that indicates loss of network connectivity on workdaysbetween 8:00 am and 9:00 am (perhaps due to the user commuting to work).

At block 910, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, determines whether the subset of behavior patterns indicateswhether the user will be losing network access soon. The subset ofbehavior patterns may be the behaviors extracted in block 908, and eachof the behavior patterns in the subset may be individually tested forthe condition in block 910. For example, the media guidance applicationmay have extracted a behavior pattern that indicates loss of networkconnectivity on workdays between 8:00 am and 9:00 am (perhaps due to theuser commuting to work). The media guidance application may determinethat the behavior pattern indicates the user will be losing networkaccess soon if the current time is 7:55 am, and process 900 may proceedto block 912. The media guidance application may also store the time atwhich the user is expected to lose network access, as described below.The media guidance application may determine that the user will belosing network access soon if the current time is within a thresholdamount of time (for example, ten minutes or 10% of the length of time ofthe behavior pattern) of a time associated with the behavior pattern. Onthe other hand, the media guidance application may determine that thebehavior pattern indicates the user will not be losing network accesssoon if the current time is 9:05 am, and process 900 may be terminated.If no behavior patterns are available in the retrieved user profile,process 900 may also be terminated.

At block 912, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, determines that the network will be unavailable in the future. Themedia guidance application may store this determination using storagecircuitry 508 to change the value of a Boolean variable“NetworkLossUpcoming” to “True”. The media guidance application may alsostore, using storage circuitry 508, a time at which network loss isexpected to occur, if that information can be extracted from the userprofile. The media guidance application may also store the time at whichthe user is expected to lose network access. For example, if the mediaguidance application determined a calendar record starting at 7:00 pmindicated a loss of network connectivity at block 904, 7:00 pm may bestored. In another example, if the media guidance application determineda behavior pattern from 8:00 am to 9:00 am indicated loss of networkconnectivity at block 910, 8:00 am may be stored. If no time informationis available, the media guidance application may store a predetermineddefault value, such as 30 minutes from the current time.

FIG. 10 is an exemplary process 1000 for receiving a first versionidentifier and a second version identifier from a network incorporatingembodiments of the present disclosure. The media guidance applicationmay use the first and second version identifiers to learn of theexistence and availability of the first and second versions of the mediaasset on any of the servers. The servers may be any of media contentsource 616 and media guidance data source 618. Control circuitry 504 mayexecute process 1000 as part of block 706.

At block 1002, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, constructs a query comprising an identifier of the user selectedmedia asset and a request for version identifiers. For example, themedia guidance application may construct a request for a media assetselected by the user in the following format—“MEDIA_ID=‘Movie A’ ANDMEDIA_VERSION=‘Any’”. In some embodiments, the media guidanceapplication only requests versions compatible with the user device beingused to transmit the request. For example, the media guidanceapplication may be using wireless user communications device 606 totransmit the request, wherein wireless user communications device 606can only display videos of quality 360p and 480p on display 512. Hence,the media guidance application may construct the request in thefollowing format—“MEDIA_ID=‘Movie A’ AND (MEDIA_VERSION=‘360p’ OR‘480p’)”. The request formats shown here are exemplary, and anyappropriate request formats may be used.

At block 1004, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, transmits the query constructed in block 1002 to a plurality ofservers. The media guidance application may transmit the query usingcommunications network 614. The plurality of servers may be mediaservers (such as media content source 616 and media guidance data source618) that can provide media assets for download.

At block 1006, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, determines if a threshold amount of time to wait for a response hasbeen reached. For example, the media guidance application may have apredetermined response wait time of 5 seconds. Control circuitry 504 maydetermine whether 5 seconds have been reached since the query wastransmitted at block 1004. The time when the query was transmitted maybe the time when the last query was transmitted to the last of theplurality of servers. If the threshold amount of time has not beenreached, the media guidance application continues waiting for responsesfrom the plurality of servers and caches any received responses usingstorage circuitry 508. If the threshold amount of time has been reached,process 1000 proceeds to block 1008.

At block 1008, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, stores received version identifiers and associated servers. Allresponses received during the response wait time period may have beencached by the media guidance application. The media guidance applicationmay now store the received version identifiers and associated servers.For example, the media guidance application may have received a responsefrom a server at block 1006 and cached the response. The media guidanceapplication may now retrieve the response from the cache, extract theversion identifiers and server identifier from the response, and storethis information using storage circuitry 508. For example, the receivedand cached response may have been “TIME=‘1358’ AND MEDIA_ID=‘Movie A’AND SERVER_ID=‘Movies Online Server 4’ AND (VERSION_ID=‘360p’ AND‘480p’) AND LOCATION=‘ALABAMA’”. The media guidance application maystore only the version identifiers (VERSION_ID=‘360p’ AND ‘480p’) andserver identifier (SERVER_ID=‘Movies Online Server 4’) for future useusing storage circuitry 508. The media guidance application may discardthe information stored in the cache after block 1008 has been executedfor each received response.

At block 1010, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, removes duplicate version identifiers from the information storedduring block 1008. For example, the media guidance application may havestored the following entries: [(SERVER_ID=‘Movies Online Server 4’ AND(VERSION_ID=‘360p’ and ‘480p’)), (SERVER_ID=‘Movies Online Server 5’ ANDVERSION_ID=‘480p’)]. In some embodiments, the media guidance applicationmay remove duplicates to result in the maximum possible number of uniqueserver identifiers remaining stored. Hence, the media guidanceapplication may remove the duplicate version identifier ‘480p’ from thestored entries as follows: [(SERVER_ID=‘Movies Online Server 4’ ANDVERSION_ID=‘360p’), (SERVER_ID=‘Movies Online Server 5’ ANDVERSION_ID=‘480p’)]. In some embodiments, the media guidance applicationmay sort the server identifiers (for example, alphabetically or in orderof receipt of response) and remove the duplicates as they appear in thesorted entries. Hence, the media guidance application may remove theduplicate version identifier ‘480p’ from the stored and alphabeticallysorted entries as follows: [(SERVER_ID=‘Movies Online Server 4’ AND(VERSION_ID=‘360p’ AND ‘480p’))].

FIG. 11 is an exemplary process 1100 for determining what fraction of amedia asset should be downloaded in a first version incorporatingembodiments of this disclosure. It is understood that process 1100 maybe executed multiple times to determine what fraction of any media assetin a plurality of media assets should be downloaded in any version of aplurality of available versions. Control circuitry 504 may executeprocess 1100 as part of block 708.

At block 1102, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, retrieves some or all of a user selection of an amount of time fordownload, percentage of content the user wants in the first version, anddesired version of the media asset. In some embodiments, the mediaguidance application may retrieve none of the user selections and usepredetermined default values instead of retrieved selections for thefollowing blocks. The information may be retrieved from the user profiledescribed in relation to FIG. 9 . The amount of time for download mayspecify a maximum time a user wants downloads of a media asset to take,such as one hour. An exemplary percentage of content the user wants in afirst version may be 75% maximum of a movie in SD, rest in HD. A desiredversion of a media asset may be HD, whenever possible in light of thetime and network availability constraints. The media guidanceapplication may use the received user selections as constraints to befulfilled. The media guidance application may break these constraints ifneeded to fully download a media asset, or to download as much of amedia asset as can be downloaded before network connectivity is lost.

The media guidance application may have received this informationthrough user input interface 510 and stored it using storage circuitry508. The user may use user input interface 510 to select options ondisplay 512. The user may be able to enter in the amount of time fordownload using a keyboard or a drop-down selection. The user may be ableto enter the percentage of content the user wants in a first versionusing a slider bar or by entering in the number using a keyboard. Theuser may be able to enter the desired version of the media asset byselecting checkboxes for some or all of the available versions of mediaassets. In some embodiments, the user may speak his or her preferencesinto a microphone, and the media guidance application may usespeech-to-text conversion to transcribe the user's speech and thenextract the user selections from it.

At block 1104, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, determines time remaining until the network is unavailable. Themedia guidance application may retrieve the time stored during process900 (for example, network connectivity is predicted to be lost at 8:00am), determine a current time (for example, 7:45 am), and subtract thecurrent time from the retrieved time to determine the time remaining(for example, fifteen minutes).

At block 1106, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, sets a local “time_variable” to equal the minimum of the userselected time for download, retrieved in block 1102, and the timeremaining until the network is unavailable, determined in block 1104.The media guidance application may store “time_variable” using storagecircuitry 508. For example, the media guidance application may determinethe minimum of a user selected maximum download time of one hour and atime remaining until loss of network connectivity of fifteen minutes isfifteen minutes. The media guidance application may store“time_variable=00:15” using storage circuitry 508.

At block 1108, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, determines a first fraction and a second fraction such thatdownloading the first fraction of the media asset in a first version andthe second fraction of the media asset in a second version will takeless time than “time_variable”. More than two fractions may bedetermined if more than two versions of the media asset will bedownloaded. The two versions may be the versions received and stored inrelation to FIG. 10 . The media guidance application may determine thetwo fractions based on any combination of the following factors:available bandwidth on network, speed of downloading on network, size orlength of media asset to be downloaded, “time_variable”, the retrieveduser selection of desired version, and/or the retrieved user selectionof percentage of content the user wants in the first version. The mediaguidance application may use a predetermined default value for theavailable bandwidth or the download speed. The media guidanceapplication may try to optimize and balance both speed of the downloadand quality of the downloaded version. For example, if the userselection indicated the user wants a maximum of 50% of the media assetin SD quality, and prefers to download HD quality, the media guidanceapplication may determine 45% of movie A 102 needs to be downloaded inSD quality, 25% of movie A 102 can be downloaded in HD quality, and theremainder will not be able to be downloaded before network connectivityis lost in fifteen minutes. In another example, if the user selectionindicated the user wants a maximum of 100% of the media asset in SDquality, the media guidance application may determine 100% of movie A102 needs to be downloaded in SD quality and 0% in HD quality beforenetwork connectivity is lost in fifteen minutes. The fractions may beexpressed as a fraction of the length of the media asset or a fractionof the size of the media asset.

At block 1110, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, adjusts the first fraction and the second fraction based on anestimate of current network connectivity. For example, the mediaguidance application may have used a predetermined default downloadspeed of 5 MB/second when determining the first and second fraction atblock 1108. Hence, the media guidance application may determine 45% ofmovie A 102 needs to be downloaded in SD quality, 25% of movie A 102 canbe downloaded in HD quality, and the remainder will not be able to bedownloaded before network connectivity is lost in fifteen minutes.However, the media guidance application may determine the currentdownload speed is actually 6 MB/second. The media guidance applicationmay determine the current download speed or available bandwidth byexecuting a test that uploads or downloads a test file using network 614and measures the time taken to execute the test. The media guidanceapplication may adjust the first and second fraction and determine that50% of movie A 102 needs to be downloaded in SD quality, 30% of movie A102 can be downloaded in HD quality, and the remainder will not be ableto be downloaded before network connectivity is lost in fifteen minutes.

At block 1112, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, stores the first fraction and the second fraction using storagecircuitry 508. For example, the media guidance application may determinein block 1110 that 50% of movie A 102 needs to be downloaded in SDquality and 30% of movie A 102 can be downloaded in HD quality. Themedia guidance application may store these fractions, using storagecircuitry 508, in any of the following exemplary information formats:[HD=0.5, SD=0.3], [0.5, 0.3], [HD=50, SD=30], [50, 30], [HD=50, SD=30,NULL=20], and [50, 30, 20]. Any other similar formats to store theinformation may also be used.

FIG. 12 is an exemplary process 1200 for splitting a media assetincorporating embodiments of this disclosure. Control circuitry 504 mayexecute process 1100 as part of block 708. Although process 1200 isdescribed as using two fractions, it is understood that any number offractions may be used in accordance with this process.

At block 1202, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, may identify a starting timestamp of the media asset. The mediaguidance application may determine a default timestamp of 00:00 unlessthe media asset has already been partially viewed by the user or theuser requested download of only a portion of the media asset. If themedia asset has been partially viewed by the user, the media guidanceapplication may determine the starting timestamp to have the same valueas the latest bookmark in the media asset. If the user requesteddownload of only a portion of the media asset, the media guidanceapplication may determine the starting timestamp to be the firsttimestamp in the requested portion.

At block 1204, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, retrieves the first fraction and the second fraction using storagecircuitry 504. The determination and storage of the first fraction andthe second fraction are described in more detail in relation to FIG. 11.

At block 1206, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, stores a marker associated with the first fraction of a length ofthe media asset and the second fraction of the length of the media assetin the media asset metadata. For example, the media guidance applicationmay determine the length from the starting timestamp to the end of amedia asset is 20 minutes. The first fraction may be 0.5 and the secondfraction may be 0.3. The media guidance application may store a markerindicating the first fraction of a length of the media asset (20minutes*0.5=10 minutes) and a marker indicating the second fraction ofthe length of the media asset (20 minutes*0.3=6 minutes) in the mediaasset metadata in local storage using storage circuitry 508. In someembodiments, the media guidance application stores the sizes of thefractions, that is, 10 minutes and 6 minutes. In some embodiments, themedia guidance application stores the points in the length of the mediaasset that mark the boundaries of the fractions, that is, 10 minutes and(10 minutes+6 minutes=) 16 minutes. This is because the media guidanceapplication will download the media asset between timestamps of 0minutes and 10 minutes in a first version, and between timestamps of 10minutes and 16 minutes in a second version.

At block 1208, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, determines a number of simultaneous downloads that can be performedand stores the number as a variable “num_sim_dl” using storage circuitry508. The media guidance application may determine this number based oncapabilities of the current user device. The media guidance applicationmay also determine how many of the available simultaneous downloadstreams are already being used on the user device, and subtract thisnumber from the total number available. For example, the media guidanceapplication may determine that a user tablet running the media guidanceapplication is capable of 10 simultaneous download streams, where 8 ofthe download streams are currently being used. Hence, the media guidanceapplication may store “num_sim_dl=2” using storage circuitry 508.

At block 1210, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, stores “num_sim_dl−1” markers between each of (a) the startingtimestamp and the marker associated with the first fraction and (b) themarkers associated with the first and second timestamps. This may allowas many simultaneous segment to be downloaded as possible. For example,the media guidance application may be downloaded a media asset of 20minutes of length, with a starting timestamp at 00:00, a timestamp forthe first fraction at 10:00, and a timestamp for the second fraction at16:00. The media guidance application may then store “num_sim_dl−1”timestamps between each of these timestamps. For example, the mediaguidance application may store “num_sim_dl−1” (=2−1=1) additionaltimestamps at between the starting timestamp of 00:00 and first fractiontimestamp of 10:00 at 05:00 and between the first fraction timestamp of10:00 and second fraction timestamp of 16:00 at 13:00.

At block 1212, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, modifies the media asset metadata to store an association with thefirst version for all segments between the starting timestamp and themarker associated with the first fraction, and an association with thesecond version for all segments between the markers associated with thefirst and second fractions. For example, the first and second versionmay be SD and HD versions respectively. As discussed above, the mediaguidance application may have stored timestamps in the media assetmetadata at 00:00, 05:00, 10:00, 13:00, and 16:00. The media guidanceapplication may store an association with SD quality for segments00:00-05:00 and 05:00-10:00. The media guidance application may alsostore an association with HD quality for segments 10:00-13:00 and 13:00and 16:00. The media guidance application may store the media assetmetadata in local storage using storage circuitry 508.

FIG. 13 is an exemplary process 1300 for receiving a first and secondportion of a media asset incorporating embodiments of this disclosure.Control circuitry 504 may execute process 1300 as part of blocks 710 and712. Process 1300 is described in relation to a first segment of a firstmedia asset, and it is understood the same process may be used toreceive any segment of any media asset.

At block 1302, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, transmits, to the server, a request for a first portion of thefirst version of the media asset, associated with the first versionidentifier, comprising the first segment of the user selected mediaasset. The user selected media asset may be movie A 102 as shown onscreen 100. As described in relation to FIG. 10 , the first versionidentifier may be “SD”. As discussed in relation to FIG. 12 , the firstsegment may be a portion of a media asset between timestamps 00:00 and05:00. The server may be any of media content source 616 and mediaguidance data source 618. The media guidance application may transmit,through communications network 614, to the server, an identifier of theuser selected media asset, a request including the first versionidentifier, and the timestamps associated with the first portion. Forexample, an exemplary request may be: [MEDIA_ID=“Movie A” ANDVERSION_ID=“SD” AND TIMESTAMP1=“00:00” AND TIMESTAMP2=“05:00”]. Themedia guidance application may transmit the request to the serverassociated with the version identifier as stored in block 1008.

At block 1304, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, receives the first portion of the first version of the media assetfrom a server. The media guidance application may receive the portionrequested in block 1302. If the media guidance application does notreceive the first portion within a threshold response time, the mediaguidance application may re-transmit the request or transmit a requestto another server. At block 1306, the media guidance application, usingcontrol circuitry 504, stores, using storage circuitry 508, the firstportion of the first version of the media asset, as received at block1304.

At block 1308, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, links the first portion of the first version of the media asset toother portions of the media asset based on media asset metadata. Forexample, the media asset metadata may indicate that the media asset hasa first segment from timestamps 00:00-05:00 and a second segment fromtimestamps 05:00-10:00. The media guidance application may link thereceived first portion, comprising the segment from 00:00-05:00, to aportion, received later or simultaneously, comprising the segment from05:00-10:00. The media guidance application may link the receivedportions to allow the first received portion and the second receivedportion to be played consecutively when the user selects movie A 202 onscreen 200. In some embodiments, the media guidance application willlink partially downloaded portions to fully downloaded portions. Forexample, if a download of a portion of a media asset could not befinished before loss of network connectivity, the partially downloadedportion may be stored and linked to fully downloaded portions. The mediaguidance application may allow users to view media assets while they arebeing downloaded.

Once the first portion of the media asset has been downloaded, the mediaguidance application may remove the icon for the media asset (forexample, movie A 102) from screen 100 and add the icons for the mediaasset (for example, movie A 202) to screen 200, and generate for displayicon 210 overlaid on the icons for the media asset on screen 200. Wheneach subsequent portion of the media asset is downloaded, the mediaguidance application may update icon 210. The updating may be based onthe media guidance application determining what portion of the mediaasset has been downloaded in each version. Using the determination, themedia guidance application may update icons 212 or 218 with new areasfor the portions of the pie graph, icons 214 or 220 with new radii forthe concentric circles, or icons 216 or 222 with new lengths of filledin circumferences for the hollow concentric circles.

FIG. 14 is an exemplary process 1400 for replacing downloaded mediaassets incorporating embodiments of this disclosure. Control circuitry504 may execute process 1400 to replace portions of a media assetdownloaded in a lower quality version with a higher quality version. Forexample, a user selection, as received in block 1102, may indicate auser prefers media assets in “720p” quality. The media guidanceapplication may have downloaded a media asset in “360p” quality tocomplete the download before network connectivity is lost. In someembodiments, the media guidance application will replace the “360p”portions with “480p” portions, and then replace the “480p” portions with“720p” portions. In some embodiments, the media guidance applicationwill replace the “360p” portions with “720p” portions.

In some embodiments, portions at the beginning and end portions of amedia asset may not be replaced with a higher quality version of themedia asset since these portions are likely to contain credits, andhence may not be important to the user.

At block 1402, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, determines current network connectivity. The media guidanceapplication may determine whether the user has regained networkconnectivity after the loss of network connectivity predicted inrelation to FIG. 9 . The media guidance application may determinewhether communications network 614 can be accessed, and measure thequality of access. For example, the media guidance application maymeasure bandwidth, upload speeds, download speeds, or any other networkquality statistic.

At block 1404, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, determines whether the current network connectivity, as determinedat block 1402, is greater than or equal to a predetermined thresholdconnectivity. If the condition is true, process 1400 proceeds to block1406. Otherwise, block 1400 returns to block 1402.

At block 1406, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, determines whether any downloads are currently occurring. If themedia guidance application determines downloads are occurring right now,the media guidance application may allow those downloads to completebefore beginning replacement of already downloaded media assets. Themedia guidance application may determine whether any downloads arecurrently occurring by checking the status of all possible simultaneousdownload streams for the current user device. If the media guidanceapplication finds at least one download stream not being used, process1400 proceeds to block 1408. Otherwise, process 1400 returns to block1402.

At block 1408, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, identifies an incomplete media asset or media asset in the firstversion. If the media guidance application determines a media asset wasnot completely downloaded, the media guidance application may downloadthe remaining portions of the incomplete media asset. If a media assethas portions in a lower quality first version, the media guidanceapplication may replace the lower quality first version portions withhigher quality second version portions. The media guidance applicationmay identify a media asset with either the longest incomplete portion orlongest portion in a lower quality first version.

At block 1410, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, retrieves the media asset in a higher quality second version fromthe server. In some embodiments, if the media guidance applicationidentified an incomplete media asset at block 1408, the media guidanceapplication may retrieve portions in lower quality first version fromthe server to complete the download of the incomplete media asset. Themedia guidance application may retrieve the media asset as described inrelation to FIG. 13 .

At block 1412, the media guidance application, using control circuitry504, replaces the identified media asset with the retrieved media asset.The media guidance application may erase the lower quality first versionportion of the media asset from storage circuitry 508 and replace theerased portion with the higher quality second version portion of themedia asset. The media guidance application may also update the links inthe media asset metadata to remove links to the lower quality firstversion portion and add links to the higher quality section versionportion, as described in relation to block 1308. The media guidanceapplication may also update icon 210.

In some embodiments, if the media guidance application identified anincomplete media asset at block 1408, the media guidance application maycreate links between the newly downloaded portion and the incompletemedia asset as described in relation to block 1308.

It should be noted that processes 700-1400, or any step thereof could beperformed on, or provided by, the optimization system on any of thedevices shown in FIGS. 3-4 . For example, processes 700-1400 may beexecuted by processing circuitry 504 (FIG. 3 ) as instructed byprocessing circuitry implemented on user equipment 602, 404, and/or 406(FIG. 4 ) in order to provide information to a user. In addition, one ormore steps of processes 700-1400 may be incorporated into or combinedwith one or more steps of any other process or embodiment.

It is contemplated that the steps or descriptions of FIGS. 7-14 may beused with any other embodiment of this disclosure. In addition, thesteps and descriptions described in relation to FIGS. 7-14 may be donein alternative orders or in parallel to further the purposes of thisdisclosure. For example, each of these steps may be performed in anyorder or in parallel or substantially simultaneously to reduce lag orincrease the speed of the system or method.

The processes discussed above are intended to be illustrative and notlimiting. One skilled in the art would appreciate that the steps of theprocesses discussed herein may be omitted, modified, combined, and/orrearranged, and any additional steps may be performed without departingfrom the scope of the invention. More generally, the above disclosure ismeant to be exemplary and not limiting. Only the claims that follow aremeant to set bounds as to what the present invention includes.Furthermore, it should be noted that the features and limitationsdescribed in any one embodiment may be applied to any other embodimentherein, and flowcharts or examples relating to one embodiment may beapplied to any other embodiment herein, and flowcharts or examplesrelating to one embodiment may be combined with any other embodiment ina suitable manner, done in different orders, or done in parallel. Inaddition, the systems and methods described herein may be performed inreal time. It should also be noted, the systems and/or methods describedabove may be applied to, or used in accordance with, other systemsand/or methods.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method comprising: receiving, via a computingdevice, a request to download a media asset; in response to receivingthe request: determining a total number of simultaneous downloadsremaining for the computing device, wherein the total number ofsimultaneous downloads remaining are calculated based on a total numberof simultaneous downloads that can be performed and a subset of thetotal number of simultaneous downloads that are currently being used bythe computing device; splitting the media asset into a number ofsegments that does not exceed the number of simultaneous downloadsremaining for the computing device; associating each segment, from thenumber of segments, with a first or a second version of video quality;and modifying metadata of the media asset to store an associationbetween segments associated with the first version and segmentsassociated with the second version.
 2. The method of claim 1, furthercomprising, for each segment associated with the first version or thesecond version of video quality, determining a starting and an endingtimestamp.
 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising, storing thestarting and ending timestamps of each segment, wherein each pair ofstarting and ending timestamp is associated with either the firstversion or the second version of video quality.
 4. The method of claim1, wherein one or more segments, from the number of segments, are ofdifferent lengths of time.
 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising,transmitting one or more segments, from the number of segments, to thecomputing device for simultaneous downloading.
 6. The method of claim 1,wherein the first version comprises any of standard definition quality,high-definition quality, 4K video quality, 240p video quality, 320pvideo quality, 480p video quality, 720p video quality, and 1080p videoquality, and the second version comprises any of standard definitionquality, high-definition quality, 4K video quality, 240p video quality,320p video quality, 480p video quality, 720p video quality, and 1080pvideo quality and wherein the second version is lower quality than thefirst version.
 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising: determiningamount of time remaining before the loss of connectivity with thecomputing device; and allocating the number of segments for the firstversion of video quality and the number of segments for the secondversion of video quality based on the amount of time remaining beforethe loss of connectivity.
 8. The method of claim 7, further comprisingdetermining a number of segments for the first version and the secondversion based on a download speed achievable by the computing device. 9.The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining whether the mediaasset has been partially viewed; and in response to determining that themedia asset has been partially viewed, determining a starting timestampa start of the media asset as a same value as a bookmark until which themedia asset was partially viewed.
 10. A system comprising: communicationcircuitry configured for a communication network; and control circuitryconfigured to: receive, via a computing device, a request to download amedia asset; in response to receiving the request: determine a totalnumber of simultaneous downloads remaining for the computing device,wherein the total number of simultaneous downloads remaining arecalculated based on a total number of simultaneous downloads that can beperformed and a subset of the total number of simultaneous downloadsthat are currently being used by the computing device; split the mediaasset into a number of segments that does not exceed the number ofsimultaneous downloads remaining for the computing device; associateeach segment, from the number of segments, with a first or a secondversion of video quality; and modify metadata of the media asset tostore an association between segments associated with the first versionand segments associated with the second version.
 11. The system of claim10, further comprising, for each segment associated with the firstversion or the second version of video quality, the control circuitryconfigured to determine a starting and an ending timestamp.
 12. Thesystem of claim 11, further comprising, the control circuitry configuredto store the starting and ending timestamps of each segment, whereineach pair of starting and ending timestamp is associated with either thefirst version or the second version of video quality.
 13. The system ofclaim 10, wherein one or more segments, from the number of segments, areof different lengths of time.
 14. The system of claim 10, furthercomprising, the control circuitry configured to transmit one or moresegments, from the number of segments, to the computing device forsimultaneous downloading.
 15. The system of claim 10, wherein the firstversion comprises any of standard definition quality, high-definitionquality, 4K video quality, 240p video quality, 320p video quality, 480pvideo quality, 720p video quality, and 1080p video quality, and thesecond version comprises any of standard definition quality,high-definition quality, 4K video quality, 240p video quality, 320pvideo quality, 480p video quality, 720p video quality, and 1080p videoquality and wherein the second version is lower quality than the firstversion.
 16. The system of claim 10, further comprising, the controlcircuitry configured to: determine amount of time remaining before theloss of connectivity with the computing device; and allocate the numberof segments for the first version of video quality and the number ofsegments for the second version of video quality based on the amount oftime remaining before the loss of connectivity.
 17. The method of claim16, further comprising, the control circuitry configured to determine anumber of segments for the first version and the second version based ona download speed achievable by the computing device.
 18. The system ofclaim 10, further comprising, the control circuitry configured to:determine whether the media asset has been partially viewed; and inresponse to determining that the media asset has been partially viewed,determine a starting timestamp a start of the media asset as a samevalue as a bookmark until which the media asset was partially viewed.